jerusalem cross
Noun: 1. A heraldic cross with equal arms, where each arm terminates in a small crossbar: The Jerusalem cross is a specific geometric and symbolic design, featuring a central cross with four arms of equal length. Each arm ends not in a point but in a perpendicular bar, creating a T-shape at each terminus. This results in a cross with four smaller Greek crosses (crosses with equal arms) appearing between its arms.
The term "Jerusalem cross" is used to describe this specific emblem in historical, heraldic, and symbolic contexts. * It is a potent symbol historically associated with the Kingdom of Jerusalem, a Crusader state founded in 1099. * The design is often used in heraldry, vexillology (the study of flags), and Christian iconography. * It may appear on flags, coats of arms, religious artifacts, and jewelry.
- The flag of the Kingdom of Jerusalem prominently featured the Jerusalem cross.
- Many pilgrims purchase a pendant shaped like a Jerusalem cross as a souvenir from the Holy City.
- In heraldic art, the Jerusalem cross is also known as the "Crusaders' cross."
- Symbolic Interpretation: The five crosses of the Jerusalem cross are often interpreted to represent the Five Wounds of Christ (from the nails in his hands and feet and the spear in his side). Alternatively, the central large cross can symbolize Christ, with the four smaller crosses representing the four Gospels or the spread of the gospel to the four corners of the earth.
- "Cross of the Crusaders": This is a common alternative name, directly linking the symbol to the Christian knights of the Crusades.
- Crusaders' cross: A direct synonym emphasizing its historical association with the Crusades.
- Cross potent: A heraldic term for a cross with crossbars at the ends of its arms. The Jerusalem cross is a specific type of cross potent.
- Heraldic cross: A general term for any cross used in heraldry.
- Crusaders' cross
- Five-fold cross
The Jerusalem cross is a distinct symbol. It should not be confused with other crosses, such as the Greek cross (a simple cross with four equal arms), the Latin cross (with a longer descending arm), or the Maltese cross (with eight points). Its defining characteristic is the small crossbar at the end of each of its four main arms.
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a cross with equal arms, each terminating in a small crossbar
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